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Ellis Island was the entry facility for immigrants coming to the United States and the office for the US Bureau of Immigration. Between 1892 and 1954, more than 12 million immigrants entered the USA via Ellis Island. The island is located at the mouth of the Hudson River and became a part of the “Statue of Liberty National Monument” together with Liberty Island in 1965. Since 1990, Ellis Island houses a museum for immigration history.

Between 1820 and 1880, over 3 million Germans emigrated to the USA. One out of six US citizens (~ 43 million) answered at a census in 2000 to have German ancestors. After 1880, the immigration rules were sharpened as it more and more came to conflicts between immigrants and US law. Little by little, immigration of sick people, of polygamists, of prostitutes, of poor people, of anarchists, of Chinese (in 1882), of Japanese (1907) and of illiterates (1917) was restricted.

In 1892, it was decided to make Ellis Island to the central place for all immigrations into the US. This should on the one hand prevent that immigrants bypass immigration controls and set dry feet on US soil. On the other hand, racist violation on the streets of New York should be stopped. Until that time, there was just an abandoned depot for ammunition on Ellis Island that belonged to a man named Samuel Ellis. After the island was developed, up to 12.000 immigrants were checked here every day (!). According to people’s own declarations, 40% of all Americans have ancestors, that came into the country via Ellis Island.

www.ellisisland.org
en.wikipedia.org/...s_Island